Which process is responsible for reading and writing Metric data in Tableau Server?

The Metrics Service is essential for handling metric data within Tableau Server. This service is specifically designed to collect, store, and manage data related to metrics, which includes performance information and utilization metrics across various Tableau Server components. It reads various statistics and writes them, enabling administrators to monitor the health and performance of Tableau Server efficiently.

The Metrics Service simplifies the analysis of server usage and provides insights into how Tableau resources are being utilized over time. This data is crucial for optimizing the server's performance, ensuring that the infrastructure effectively supports the users’ needs.

Other services mentioned, such as the Elastic Server, Data Server, and Cache Server, have distinct roles that do not encompass the reading and writing of metric data. The Elastic Server manages scaling and resource allocation but does not directly handle metrics. The Data Server is focused on managing connections to databases and data extracts. The Cache Server's primary function is to enhance performance by caching query results, which also does not involve metric data management. Hence, the Metrics Service is the clear answer to this question, as it is specifically tailored for the critical task of metric data management in Tableau Server.